end fent;end piece,ended fabric;cutting remnants;assorted cloth;entrebandes,fag-end; fents; fencingjobs,millends,remnant,tufs,tatters

"Ling" cannot exist as the symbol of vacancy and it is a word with specific meanings: "oddment or remainder".

“一百零一”等整零结构的“零”,一般认为就是空位“○”,但通过对“○”和“零”表数关系史的考察,我们发现“一百零一”与“一百○一”并不是严格的对应关系,“零”不能作为空位标志而存在,而是有具体意义的一个词,即“有零头、余数”。

The basic concept of oddment tactic is presented,designs oddment allocation models by mathematical programming,describes the selection method of oddment operation,and determines the reasonable benefit allocation mechanism of oddment tactic by using Shapley Value.

为了解决VMI系统中供应商的总供货量不是整车量的整数倍问题,提出了零头策略。

This paper introduces oddment tactic,presents the optimal oddment allocation method for minus oddment operation and the one for plus oddment operation when inventory transfer among retailers is permitted "or not",proves the equivalence between backorder-optimal oddment allocation and inventory-optimal one, and discusses the application method of oddment tactic.

介绍什么是零头策略,给出了在允许和不允许零售商间调货时加零头操作和减零头操作的最优零头分配方法,证明了库存最优的零头分配与缺货最优的零头分配的等价性,探讨了零头策略的实施方法。