preconceptions

Students have formed opinions to things and phenomenon before learning new knowledge formally according to daily experience during interacting with nature and society environment; Or in the process of studying,students also form opinions which are not consistent with scientific ideas, these opinions are called preconception.

前概念是指学生在接受正规的科学教育之前已形成的概念,是对所感知的现象、生活中的常识与经验进行总结加工得出的认识和理解。

Therefore, before teaching, teachers should know what preconceptions students have.

因此,教师在实施教学之前,首先就要了解学生已有的前概念。

Inquiring into the preconception of the students’cognitive structure as well as the conceptual change teaching which can improve the students’comprehension about the scientific conceptions has become the research focus of Educational Psychology over more than ten years in abroad, and it is also a great challenge to educational reform in China.

探究学生认知结构中的前概念,以及为增进学生对科学概念的理解而兴起的概念转变教学,是国外近十几年来教育心理学研究的热点问题,也是当前我国教育改革面临的巨大挑战。

A Research on Preconceptions and It s Teaching Strategies;

前概念及其教学策略的研究

After analyzing the conditions of conceptual change,the factors that affect the conceptual change,and the instructional process of conceptual change were considered,the system of physical conceptual change instructional strategies from the instructional process of detecting preconceptions,causing cognitive conflict and constructing scientific conception were proposed.

提出了探测前概念、引发认知冲突和建构科学概念的认知过程。

Some preconceptions are consistent with the scientific conceptions, but many counteract to the scientific conceptions or with the scientific conceptions incompletely unanimous understanding named misconceptions.

学生在学习正式的科学概念前，通过对日常生活现象的感知，以及长期的经验积累与辨别式学习所形成的对事物的认识，叫做“前科学概念”(pre-science conception)，简称为“前概念”(preconception)。

This kind of concept formed before students accepting of formal and scientific education is generally called pre-scien-tific concept or pre-concept.

这种在接受正规的科学教育之前所形成的概念一般称之为前科学概念(或前概念)。

The physics textbook writing should be accord with students cognitive law and the content should be closely related to students life to help build up the interrelation with some pre-concept of students,which will ensure better classroom performance of student

物理教材编写要符合学生的认知规律,内容素材的选取要贴近学生的生活,要有利于与学生相关内容的前概念建立联系,才能使学生更好地学习物理知识。

Preconcept and the Teaching of Political Course in Senior Middle School;

前概念与高中思想政治课堂教学

The preconcept is deep in the brain of the students before learning.

前概念的影响根深蒂固,在教学中抓住学生思维特点,利用实物演示,运用科学模型,注重过程探究来消除前概念的不利影响。

The authors argue that,the Chinese innovation system is an ex-ante concept.

本文提出并分析了目前我国在创新体系研究中存在的几个较为突出的问题,认为我国的创新体系是一个事前概念,创新体系的研究应从国家、产业、区域等多个层次充分重视对具体问题的分析,应慎重开展不同区域之间创新体系及创新能力的评价和比较研究。

Studies the Teaching Strategies on Preceding Concept and Its Transformation of Limit Concept;

极限概念前概念及其转变的教学策略研究

Practice and Reflection on the Pre-conception in the Physics Conception Teaching;

前概念在物理概念教学中的实践与反思

The Junior School Physics Preconcept Function Research;

初中物理教学前概念的潜在功能研究

Preconception s Influence on Chemistry Conceptional Learning and the Study of Its Transformation Tactics;

前概念对化学概念学习的影响及其转化策略的研究

Probing the Cause of Chemical Preconception and Altermative Concepts of Junior School Students;

初中生化学前概念及其相异构想成因探析

From Preconceptions to Constructivism--Primary Review and Analysis of Constructivistic Learning Theory;

从前概念到建构观——浅议建构主义学习理论

The Preconceptions Research on Several Typical Physical Concept (Mechanics) of Junior High School;

初中物理几个典型概念（力学）的前科学概念研究

After all these concepts go back to400 BC.

毕竟那都是些公元前400年前的概念了。

Comb “ organism ” concept in Zhu Guangqian s previous idea;

对朱光潜前期观念中“有机体”概念的梳理

A Cognitive Study of BEFORE(前)/AFTER(后) Temporal Metaphors in English and Chinese;

英汉“前/后”时间概念隐喻的认知研究

A Review of Terms and Definitions of "Pre-scientific Conceptions";

“前科学概念”的术语和定义的综述

Metaphorical Use of Spatial Concepts "Front/Back" in Chinese;

方位概念“前/后”在汉语中的隐喻运用

How to Define the Civil Procedure before Examining and Choose its Mode;

民事审前程序的概念界定与模式选择

The Queries on the Concept of "the Whole Nation System" Used Currently;

对当前使用“举国体制”概念的置疑

Steel section distribution design in SRC structures and foresight for its application

钢骨截面分布设计的概念及应用前瞻

An Introduction to Energy Geotechnical Engineering

能源地下工程的概念、应用与前景展望

accrual concept

权责发生概念， 应计概念

We become aware of these ideas through recollection or anamnesis.

我们是通过前世回忆而体会到这些概念的。